Changes in Matter

 Materials undergo Physical Change

A physical change is a change of form of a material. It includes changes in size, shape, temperature, volume, and phase of matter. Cutting or trimming is an example of physical change

Phase change in Materials

Phase change is the phase of matter, occurs when heat is absorbed or released by an object.

Liquefication or melting occurs when solid turns to liquid.

Vaporization occurs when a liquid such as water, absorbs heat until particles of matter to be energetic enough to escape gas.

Sublimation occurs when sublimation of heat transforms a solid directly into a gaseous state without passing through liquid state.

Condensation occurs when water vapor, the gaseous form of water gives off heat, allowing it to changed its liquid state.

Solidification or freezing occurs when liquid turns into a solid.

Deposition happens when a gaseous matter changes directly into a solid when heat is removed without passing through a liquid phase.

Materials undergo Chemical Change

Chemical change is the result of a chemical reaction.

Foaming/ Fizzing - Gas bubbles form when mossy zinc is dropped in hydrochloric acid.

Formation of Participate- When milk and vinegar are combined, a precipitate is formed. A precipitate is a solid substance that is produced when two liquids are combined chemically.

Change in smell- Bacterial action changes the composition of food. This action creates a foul smell  that comes from spoiled food.

Production of Heat- Heat and light are given of when a matchstick strikes its pad.

Useful and Harmful Materials

Harmful and Useful Materials

A material is useful when other people benefit from them.

A material is harmful when it harms you or cause hazards or injury to other people.

Examples of useful materials:

1. A pillow is an example of an useful material, its soft and brings comfort to you. Also used for sleeping well.

2. A book is also an example, It can help you read and learn well, Its also a source of fictional and real stories.

Examples of harmful materials:

1. Cigarettes is an example of a very harmful object, It causes smoke and it can hurt your lungs and more.

2. Scissors too is an example of a harmful object, its metal parts are sharp and cut almost anything.

Examples of Harmful and Useful objects:

1. A knife is an example of a harmful and useful object, A knife can cut food but its sharp enough to make someone bleed.

2. A pencil is also an example of a harmful and useful object, A pencil can be used to write words and sketch drawings but the point of a pencil can be hazardous.

Properties of Matter

Matter comes in various of states such as solids, liquids, and gas.

There are 2 types of properties of matter,

General Properties of Matter and Specific Property

The properties of a material help identify the uses of an object.

General Properties of matter are characteristics that can be observed in all kids of matter.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

Weight is the measure of the pull of an object.

Volume is the amount of space occupied.

Density is the amount of matter in a given volume.

Specific Properties of matter.

Malleability is the ability of metals to be hammered into sheets.

Flexibility is the ability of an object to bend without breaking.

Hardness is the ability of an object to resist scratches or dents.

Luster describes hoe much light an object reflects.

Ductility is the ability to be drawn into thin wire.

Brittleness is the ability to shatter into pieces without deformation.

Texture is the consistency of an objects surface, it may be smooth or rough.

Elasticity is the ability to stretch and return to its regular shape.